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Compare Dominican Republic (2001) - Paraguay (2001)

Compare Dominican Republic (2001) z Paraguay (2001)

 Dominican Republic (2001)Paraguay (2001)
 Dominican RepublicParaguay
Administrative divisions 29 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia) and 1 district* (distrito); Azua, Baoruco, Barahona, Dajabon, Distrito Nacional*, Duarte, Elias Pina, El Seibo, Espaillat, Hato Mayor, Independencia, La Altagracia, La Romana, La Vega, Maria Trinidad Sanchez, Monsenor Nouel, Monte Cristi, Monte Plata, Pedernales, Peravia, Puerto Plata, Salcedo, Samana, Sanchez Ramirez, San Cristobal, San Juan, San Pedro de Macoris, Santiago, Santiago Rodriguez, Valverde 17 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento) and one capital city; Alto Paraguay, Alto Parana, Amambay, Asuncion (city), Boqueron, Caaguazu, Caazapa, Canindeyu, Central, Concepcion, Cordillera, Guaira, Itapua, Misiones, Neembucu, Paraguari, Presidente Hayes, San Pedro
Age structure 0-14 years:
34.11% (male 1,495,477; female 1,431,406)

15-64 years:
60.99% (male 2,664,679; female 2,569,398)

65 years and over:
4.9% (male 199,240; female 221,277) (2001 est.)
0-14 years:
38.9% (male 1,133,306; female 1,097,360)

15-64 years:
56.39% (male 1,622,743; female 1,610,659)

65 years and over:
4.71% (male 124,321; female 145,750) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products sugarcane, coffee, cotton, cocoa, tobacco, rice, beans, potatoes, corn, bananas; cattle, pigs, dairy products, beef, eggs cotton, sugarcane, soybeans, corn, wheat, tobacco, cassava (yucca), fruits, vegetables; beef, pork, eggs, milk; timber
Airports 29 (2000 est.) 915 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
13

over 3,047 m:
3

2,438 to 3,047 m:
2

1,524 to 2,437 m:
4

914 to 1,523 m:
3

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)
total:
11

over 3,047 m:
3

1,524 to 2,437 m:
4

914 to 1,523 m:
4 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
16

1,524 to 2,437 m:
2

914 to 1,523 m:
4

under 914 m:
10 (2000 est.)
total:
904

1,524 to 2,437 m:
29

914 to 1,523 m:
340

under 914 m:
535 (2000 est.)
Area total:
48,730 sq km

land:
48,380 sq km

water:
350 sq km
total:
406,750 sq km

land:
397,300 sq km

water:
9,450 sq km
Area - comparative slightly more than twice the size of New Hampshire slightly smaller than California
Background A legacy of unsettled, mostly non-representative, rule for much of the 20th century was brought to an end in 1996 when free and open elections ushered in a new government. In the disastrous War of the Triple Alliance (1865-70), Paraguay lost two-thirds of all adult males and much of its territory. It stagnated economically for the next half century. In the Chaco War of 1932-35, large, economically important areas were won from Bolivia. The 35-year military dictatorship of Alfredo STROESSNER was overthrown in 1989, and, despite a marked increase in political infighting in recent years, relatively free and regular presidential elections have been held since then.
Birth rate 24.77 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 30.88 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues:
$2.3 billion

expenditures:
$2.9 billion, including capital expenditures of $867 million (1999 est.)
revenues:
$1.3 billion

expenditures:
$2 billion, including capital expenditures of $700 million (1999 est.)
Capital Santo Domingo Asuncion
Climate tropical maritime; little seasonal temperature variation; seasonal variation in rainfall subtropical to temperate; substantial rainfall in the eastern portions, becoming semiarid in the far west
Coastline 1,288 km 0 km (landlocked)
Constitution 28 November 1966 promulgated 20 June 1992
Country name conventional long form:
Dominican Republic

conventional short form:
none

local long form:
Republica Dominicana

local short form:
none
conventional long form:
Republic of Paraguay

conventional short form:
Paraguay

local long form:
Republica del Paraguay

local short form:
Paraguay
Currency Dominican peso (DOP) guarani (PYG)
Death rate 4.7 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 4.75 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $4.7 billion (2000 est.) $3 billion (2000 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Charles T. MANATT

embassy:
corner of Calle Cesar Nicolas Penson and Calle Leopoldo Navarro, Santo Domingo

mailing address:
Unit 5500, APO AA 34041-5500

telephone:
[1] (809) 221-2171

FAX:
[1] (809) 686-7437
chief of mission:
Ambassador David N. GREENLEE

embassy:
1776 Avenida Mariscal Lopez, Casilla Postal 402, Asuncion

mailing address:
Unit 4711, APO AA 34036-0001

telephone:
[595] (21) 213-715

FAX:
[595] (21) 213-728
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Roberto Bienvenido SALADIN-SELIN

chancery:
1715 22nd Street NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 332-6280

FAX:
[1] (202) 265-8057

consulate(s) general:
Boston, Chicago, Mayaguez (Puerto Rico), Miami, New Orleans, New York, Philadelphia, San Francisco, and San Juan (Puerto Rico)

consulate(s):
Houston, Jacksonville, Mobile, and Ponce (Puerto Rico)
chief of mission:
Ambassador Leila RACHID

chancery:
2400 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 483-6960 through 6962

FAX:
[1] (202) 234-4508

consulate(s) general:
Detroit (honorary), Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, San Juan (honorary)
Disputes - international none -
Economic aid - recipient $239.6 million (1995) $NA
Economy - overview The Dominican economy experienced dramatic growth over the last decade, even though the economy was hit hard by Hurricane Georges in 1998. Although the country has long been viewed primarily as an exporter of sugar, coffee, and tobacco, in recent years the service sector has overtaken agriculture as the economy's largest employer, due to growth in tourism and free trade zones. The country suffers from marked income inequality; the poorest half of the population receives less than one-fifth of GNP, while the richest ten percent enjoy 40% of national income. In December 2000, the new MEJIA administration passed broad new tax legislation which it hopes will provide enough revenue to offset rising oil prices and to service foreign debt. Paraguay has a market economy marked by a large informal sector. The informal sector features both reexport of imported consumer goods to neighboring countries as well as the activities of thousands of microenterprises and urban street vendors. Because of the importance of the informal sector, accurate economic measures are difficult to obtain. A large percentage of the population derives their living from agricultural activity, often on a subsistence basis. The formal economy grew by an average of about 3% annually in 1995-97, but GDP declined slightly in 1998 and 1999. On a per capita basis, real income has stagnated at 1980 levels. Most observers attribute Paraguay's poor economic performance to political uncertainty, corruption, lack of progress on structural reform, substantial internal and external debt, and deficient infrastructure. Growth rebounded slightly in 2000.
Electricity - consumption 6.78 billion kWh (1999) 1.915 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 46.03 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 7.29 billion kWh (1999) 51.554 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
87.19%

hydro:
12.4%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0.41% (1999)
fossil fuel:
0.07%

hydro:
99.79%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0.15% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Lago Enriquillo -46 m

highest point:
Pico Duarte 3,175 m
lowest point:
junction of Rio Paraguay and Rio Parana 46 m

highest point:
Cerro Pero (Cerro Tres Kandu) 842 m
Environment - current issues water shortages; soil eroding into the sea damages coral reefs; deforestation; Hurricane Georges damage deforestation (an estimated 2 million hectares of forest land were lost from 1958-85); water pollution; inadequate means for waste disposal present health risks for many urban residents
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution

signed, but not ratified:
Law of the Sea
party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Nuclear Test Ban
Ethnic groups white 16%, black 11%, mixed 73% mestizo (mixed Spanish and Amerindian) 95%
Exchange rates Dominican pesos per US dollar - 16.888 (January 2001), 16.415 (2000), 16.033 (1999), 15.267 (1998), 14.265 (1997), 13.775 (1996) guarani per US dollar - 3,570.0 (January 2001), 3,486.4 (2000), 3,119.1 (1999), 2,726.5 (1998), 2,177.9 (1997), 2,056.8 (1996); note - since early 1998, the exchange rate has operated as a managed float; prior to that, the exchange rate was determined freely in the market
Executive branch chief of state:
President Rafael Hipolito MEJIA Dominguez (since 16 August 2000); Vice President Milagros ORTIZ-BOSCH (since 16 August 2000); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President Rafael Hipolito MEJIA Dominguez (since 16 August 2000); Vice President Milagros ORTIZ-BOSCH (since 16 August 2000); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
Cabinet nominated by the president

elections:
president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year term; election last held 16 May 2000 (next to be held NA May 2004)

election results:
Raphael Hipolito MEJIA Dominguez elected president; percent of vote - Rafael Hipolito MEJIA Dominguez (PRD) 49.87%, Danilo MEDINA (PLD) 24.95%, Joaquin BALAGUER (PRSC) 24.6%
chief of state:
President Luis GONZALEZ MACCHI (since 28 March 1999); vice president Julio Cesar FRANCO (since NA August 2000); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President Luis GONZALEZ MACCHI (since 28 March 1999); vice president Julio Cesar FRANCO (since NA August 2000); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
Council of Ministers nominated by the president

elections:
president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 10 May 1998 (next to be held NA May 2003)

election results:
Raul CUBAS Grau elected president; percent of vote - 55.3%; resigned 28 March 1999

note:
President Luis GONZALEZ MACCHI, formerly president of the Chamber of Senators, constitutionally succeeded President Raul CUBAS Grau, who resigned after being impeached soon after the assassination of Vice President Luis Maria ARGANA; the successor to ARGANA was decided in an election held in August 2000
Exports $5.8 billion (f.o.b., 2000) $3.5 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Exports - commodities ferronickel, sugar, gold, silver, coffee, cocoa, tobacco, meats electricity, soybeans, feed, cotton, meat, edible oils
Exports - partners US 66.1%, Netherlands 7.8%, Canada 7.6%, Russia 7.4%, UK 4.5% (1999 est.) Brazil, Argentina, EU
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description a centered white cross that extends to the edges divides the flag into four rectangles - the top ones are blue (hoist side) and red, and the bottom ones are red (hoist side) and blue; a small coat of arms is at the center of the cross three equal, horizontal bands of red (top), white, and blue with an emblem centered in the white band; unusual flag in that the emblem is different on each side; the obverse (hoist side at the left) bears the national coat of arms (a yellow five-pointed star within a green wreath capped by the words REPUBLICA DEL PARAGUAY, all within two circles); the reverse (hoist side at the right) bears the seal of the treasury (a yellow lion below a red Cap of Liberty and the words Paz y Justicia (Peace and Justice) capped by the words REPUBLICA DEL PARAGUAY, all within two circles)
GDP purchasing power parity - $48.3 billion (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $26.2 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
11.3%

industry:
32.2%

services:
56.5% (1999 est.)
agriculture:
28%

industry:
21%

services:
51% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $5,700 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $4,750 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 8% (2000 est.) 1% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 19 00 N, 70 40 W 23 00 S, 58 00 W
Geography - note shares island of Hispaniola with Haiti (eastern two-thirds is the Dominican Republic, western one-third is Haiti) landlocked; lies between Argentina, Bolivia, and Brazil
Highways total:
12,600 km

paved:
6,224 km

unpaved:
6,376 km (1996)
total:
25,901 km

paved:
3,067 km

unpaved:
22,834 km (2001)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
1.6%

highest 10%:
39.6% (1989)
lowest 10%:
0.7%

highest 10%:
46.6% (1995)
Illicit drugs transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US and Europe; has become a transshipment point for ecstasy from the Netherlands and Belgium destined for US and Canada illicit producer of cannabis, most or all of which is consumed in South America; transshipment country for Andean cocaine headed for Southern Cone markets and Europe
Imports $9.6 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) $3.3 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Imports - commodities foodstuffs, petroleum, cotton and fabrics, chemicals and pharmaceuticals road vehicles, consumer goods, tobacco, petroleum products, electrical machinery
Imports - partners US 25.7%, Venezuela 9.2%, Mexico 4%, Japan 3%, Panama 2.6% (1999 est.) Brazil, US, Argentina, Uruguay, EU, Hong Kong
Independence 27 February 1844 (from Haiti) 14 May 1811 (from Spain)
Industrial production growth rate 8% (2000 est.) 0% (2000 est.)
Industries tourism, sugar processing, ferronickel and gold mining, textiles, cement, tobacco sugar, cement, textiles, beverages, wood products
Infant mortality rate 34.67 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) 29.78 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 7.9% (2000 est.) 8% (2000 est.)
International organization participation ACP, Caricom (observer), ECLAC, FAO, G-11, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (subscriber), ITU, LAES, LAIA (observer), NAM (observer), OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO CCC, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, LAES, LAIA, Mercosur, NAM (observer), OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMEE, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 24 (2000) 4 (2000)
Irrigated land 2,300 sq km (1993 est.) 670 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (judges are elected by a Council made up of members of the legislative and executive branches with the president presiding) Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (judges appointed on the proposal of the Counsel of Magistrates or Consejo de la Magistratura)
Labor force 2.3 million - 2.6 million 2 million (2000 est.)
Labor force - by occupation services and government 58.7%, industry 24.3%, agriculture 17% (1998 est.) agriculture 45%
Land boundaries total:
275 km

border countries:
Haiti 275 km
total:
3,920 km

border countries:
Argentina 1,880 km, Bolivia 750 km, Brazil 1,290 km
Land use arable land:
21%

permanent crops:
9%

permanent pastures:
43%

forests and woodland:
12%

other:
15% (1993 est.)
arable land:
6%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
55%

forests and woodland:
32%

other:
7% (1993 est.)
Languages Spanish Spanish (official), Guarani (official)
Legal system based on French civil codes based on Argentine codes, Roman law, and French codes; judicial review of legislative acts in Supreme Court of Justice
Legislative branch bicameral National Congress or Congreso Nacional consists of the Senate or Senado (30 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) and the Chamber of Deputies or Camara de Diputados (149 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)

elections:
Senate - last held 16 May 1998 (next to be held NA May 2002); Chamber of Deputies - last held 16 May 1998 (next to be held NA May 2002)

election results:
Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PRD 24, PLD 3, PRSC 3; Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PRD 83, PLD 49, PRSC 17
bicameral Congress or Congreso consists of the Chamber of Senators or Camara de Senadores (45 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and the Chamber of Deputies or Camara de Diputados (80 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:
Chamber of Senators - last held 10 May 1998 (next to be held NA May 2003); Chamber of Deputies - last held 10 May 1998 (next to be held NA May 2003)

election results:
Chamber of Senators - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Colorado Party 25, PLRA 13, PEN 7; Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Colorado Party 45, PLRA 26, PEN 9
Life expectancy at birth total population:
73.44 years

male:
71.34 years

female:
75.64 years (2001 est.)
total population:
73.92 years

male:
71.44 years

female:
76.52 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
82.1%

male:
82%

female:
82.2% (1995 est.)
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
92.1%

male:
93.5%

female:
90.6% (1995 est.)
Location Caribbean, eastern two-thirds of the island of Hispaniola, between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, east of Haiti Central South America, northeast of Argentina
Map references Central America and the Caribbean South America
Maritime claims contiguous zone:
24 NM

continental shelf:
200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
6 NM
none (landlocked)
Merchant marine total:
1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,587 GRT/1,165 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 1 (2000 est.)
total:
20 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 31,066 GRT/35,441 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 14, chemical tanker 1, petroleum tanker 3, roll on/roll off 2 (2000 est.)
Military branches Army, Navy, Air Force, National Police Army, Navy (includes Naval Air and Marines), Air Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure $180 million (FY98) $125 million (FY98)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1.1% (FY98) 1.4% (FY98)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
2,281,035 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49:
1,388,436 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
1,430,776 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49:
1,001,516 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age 17 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
87,404 (2001 est.)
males:
58,359 (2001 est.)
National holiday Independence Day, 27 February (1844) Independence Day, 14 May (1811)
Nationality noun:
Dominican(s)

adjective:
Dominican
noun:
Paraguayan(s)

adjective:
Paraguayan
Natural hazards lies in the middle of the hurricane belt and subject to severe storms from June to October; occasional flooding; periodic droughts local flooding in southeast (early September to June); poorly drained plains may become boggy (early October to June)
Natural resources nickel, bauxite, gold, silver hydropower, timber, iron ore, manganese, limestone
Net migration rate -3.81 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -0.09 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pipelines crude oil 96 km; petroleum products 8 km -
Political parties and leaders Dominican Liberation Party or PLD [Leonel FERNANDEZ Reyna]; Dominican Revolutionary Party or PRD [Hatuey DE CAMPS]; Social Christian Reformist Party or PRSC [Joaquin BALAGUER Ricardo] Authentic Radical Liberal Party or PLRA [Miguel Abdon SAGUIER]; Christian Democratic Party or PDC [Adalina GUITERREZ DE GALEANO]; Febrerista Revolutionary Party or PRF [Carlos Maria LJUBETIC]; National Encounter or PEN [Euclides ACEVEDO]; National Republican Association - Colorado Party [acting president Bader RACHID LICHI]
Political pressure groups and leaders Collective of Popular Organizations or COP Ahorristas Estafados or AE; National Workers Central or CNT; Paraguayan Workers Confederation or CPT; Roman Catholic Church; Unitary Workers Central or CUT
Population 8,581,477 (July 2001 est.) 5,734,139 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line 25% (1999 est.) 36% (2000 est.)
Population growth rate 1.63% (2001 est.) 2.6% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Barahona, La Romana, Puerto Plata, San Pedro de Macoris, Santo Domingo Asuncion, Villeta, San Antonio, Encarnacion
Radio broadcast stations AM 120, FM 56, shortwave 4 (1998) AM 46, FM 27, shortwave 6 (three inactive) (1998)
Radios 1.44 million (1997) 925,000 (1997)
Railways total:
757 km

standard gauge:
375 km 1.435-m gauge (Central Romana Railroad)

narrow gauge:
142 km 0.762-m gauge (Dominican Republic Government Railway)

note:
240 km operated by sugar companies in various gauges (0.558-m, 0.762-m, 1.067-m gauges) (2000)
total:
971 km

standard gauge:
441 km 1.435-m gauge

narrow gauge:
60 km 1.000-m gauge

note:
there are 470 km of various gauges that are privately owned
Religions Roman Catholic 95% Roman Catholic 90%, Mennonite, and other Protestant
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.9 male(s)/female

total population:
1.03 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.03 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.01 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.85 male(s)/female

total population:
1.01 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age, universal and compulsory; married persons regardless of age

note:
members of the armed forces and police cannot vote
18 years of age; universal and compulsory up to age 75
Telephone system general assessment:
NA

domestic:
relatively efficient system based on islandwide microwave radio relay network

international:
1 coaxial submarine cable; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
general assessment:
meager telephone service; principal switching center is Asuncion

domestic:
fair microwave radio relay network

international:
satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 709,000 (1997) 290,475 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular 130,149 (1997) 510,000 (2001)
Television broadcast stations 25 (1997) 4 (2001)
Terrain rugged highlands and mountains with fertile valleys interspersed grassy plains and wooded hills east of Rio Paraguay; Gran Chaco region west of Rio Paraguay mostly low, marshy plain near the river, and dry forest and thorny scrub elsewhere
Total fertility rate 2.97 children born/woman (2001 est.) 4.11 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 13.8% (1999 est.) 16% (2000 est.)
Waterways none 3,100 km
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